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KHS101 hydrochloride could selectively induce a neuronal differentiation phenotype and interacts with transforming acidic coiled-coil-containing protein 3 (TACC3).

KHS101 increases neuronal differentiation of adherently cultured rat NPCs in a dose-dependent fashion (EC50 ~1 μM). KHS101-induced neuron formation (40-60% TuJ1+ cells at 1.5–5 μM KHS101) is also observed under neurosphere-forming conditions in secondary neurospheres derived from both the hippocampus and the subventricular zone (SVZ) of adult rats. Moreover, hippocampal NPCs treated with KHS101 and cultured adherently on microelectrode arrays for 12 d exhibit neuronal morphologies as well as spontaneous spiking activity, hence indicating the presence of functional, maturing neurons[1]. KHS101 markedly attenuates tumor cell growth as compared to the cells treated with the vehicle [dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)]. TACC3 is a known target of KHS101 in rodent neural progenitor cells. KHS101 has been shown to cause cellular destabilization of TACC3, hence reducing endogenous TACC3 protein levels over time [2].

Tumor cell proliferation is markedly reduced in KHS101-treated tumors (about twofold). KHS101-treated tumors show signs of elevated cell death (reduced

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