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Exemestane is a novel selective and irreversible aromatase inhibitor with an IC50 value of 27 nM. The human placental aromatase was proved to be inhibited by exemestane with Ki of 26 nM and t1/2 of 13.9 min.[1]

Aromatase is a cytochrome P450 enzyme, catalyzing the transformation from androgens to estrogen.[2] Structurally similar to androstenedione, exemestane might have a big impact on androgenic effect. Exemestane can irreversibly inactivate aromatase by interacting with the substrate binding site on the peptide moiety of the enzyme. After binding to the active site, it will be converted to an intermediate that covalently binds to the aromatase binding site, rendering the enzyme inactive. Exemestane has been proved to inhibit aromatase activity in human placental microsomes in-vitro, besides, it can inhibit aromatase activity in the cultured tissue fibroblasts and breast cancer specimens as well. On the other hand, exemestane has been suggested to affect the blood levels and urinary estrogens in-vivo.[3]

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