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XCT790 is an inverse agonist of Estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRα) with IC50 value of 0.37μM [1].

XCT790 is a first and selective inverse agonist of ERRα. It does not significantly inhibit ERRγ, ERα and ERβ below 10μM. XCT790 is proved to bind ERRα within LBD [1].

As an agonist of ERRα, XCT790 is found to decrease mitochondrial masses as well as affect the mitochondrial membrane potential, results in a subsequent function dysregulation of mitochondrial. XCT790 also reduces the expression level of PGC-1α which is a coactivator of ERRα to regulate mitochondrial biogenesis. Additionally, XCT790 can induce cell death in human hepatocarcinoma cell lines. It reduces the viabilities of HepG2 and its MDR cell line R-HepG2, MES-SA/DX5 and MES-SA in a dose-dependent manner. The mechanism of causing cell death is that XCT790 induces apoptosis through inducing ROS and subsequent caspases activation [2].

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