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BRL 52537 hydrochloride is a potent and selective agonist of κ/μ-opioid receptor with Ki value of 0.24 nM for κ-opioid receptor [1].

The κ-opioid receptor (KOR) is a type of opioid receptor for opioid peptide dynorphin and controls addiction. Also, KOR plays an important role in stress, anxiety, anhedonia, depression and increased drug-seeking behavior.

BRL 52537 hydrochloride is a potent and selective κ/μ-opioid receptor agonist. In the mouse tail flick model, BRL 52537 showed antinociception with ED50 value of 0.05 mg/kg, which was 25 times more potent than morphine [1]. In WT male mice with middle cerebral artery occlusion, BRL 52537 significantly decreased infarct volumes at 72 h of reperfusion. However, BRL 52537 had no effect in neuronal NO synthase null mutants (nNOS-/-) mice or in the WT female mice. These results suggested that BRL 52537 exhibited neuroprotection through inhibition of ischemia-evoked NO production and nNOS activity [2]. In adult rat dorsal root ganglia (DRGs), BRL 52537 inhibited tetrodotoxin-resistant (TTX-r) sodium currents in an opioid receptor-independent way, which also contributed to the antinociceptive effects [3]. In rats with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, BRL52537 inhibited neuronal apoptosis and brain damage. Also, BRL52537 increased the level of phosphorylated STAT3 and reduced caspase-3 expression [4].

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