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Glucagon-d9 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of glucagon by GC- or LC-MS. Glucagon is a peptide hormone produced from proglucagon in pancreatic α cells that has a role in the regulation of glucose metabolism.1 Pulsatile application of glucagon to rat hepatocytes stimulates glucose production ex vivo.2 It also stimulates glucose output from perfused rat livers via increases in gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis and decreases in glycolysis as well as increases plasma glucose levels in rats.1,3 Glucagon secretion is suppressed in response to food intake in normal rats and humans but is maintained or elevated in humans with type 2 diabetes.1

1.Jiang, G., and Zhang, B.B.Glucagon and regulation of glucose metabolismAm. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab.284(4)E671-E678(2003) 2.Weigle, D.S., and Goodner, C.J.Evidence that the physiological pulse frequency of glucagon secretion optimizes glucose production by perifused rat hepatocytesEndocrinology118(4)1606-1613(1986) 3.Doi, Y., Iwai, M., Matsuura, B., et al.Glucagon attenuates the action of insulin on glucose output in the liver of the Goto-Kakizaki rat perfused in situPflugers Arch.442(4)537-541(2001).
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