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DHMEQ is an activator of antioxidant transcription factor Nrf2. (+)-DHMEQ is the enantiomer of (-)-DHMEQ. (-)-DHMEQ inhibits NF-kB than its enantiomer (+)-DHMEQ.

(+)-DHMEQ ((2R,3R,4R)-DHMEQ) activates Nrf2, which is a transcription factor that induces the expression of multiple antioxidant enzymes. (+)-DHMEQ activates Nrf2 in a promoter reporter assay. (+)-DHMEQ also increases the expression of target antioxidant proteins and cancelled reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced cell death in a neuronal cell line. ROS generating 6-hydroxydopamine hydrochloride (6-OHDA) induces the death of SK-N-SH cells, and (+)-DHMEQ decreases the cytotoxic effect of 6-OHDA, whereas its effect is weaker in Nrf2-knockdown cells prepared with siRNA. Thus, enhancement of the neural cell viability by (+)-DHMEQ is due to the activation of Nrf2[1].

[1]. Niitsu Y, et al. Chemoenzymatic synthesis of (2R,3R,4R)-dehydroxymethylepoxyquinomicin (DHMEQ), a newactivator of antioxidant transcription factor Nrf2. Org Biomol Chem. 2011 Jun 21;9(12):4635-41..
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