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1,3-PBIT (dihydrobromide) is a potent and selective iNOS inhibitor with Ki value of 47 nM [1].

Nitric oxide (NO) is an endogenously produced inorganic free radical gas which has been implicated in blood pressure homeostasis, platelet aggregation, neurotransmission, and immunological defense mechanisms. NO is synthesized by three isoforms of nitric oxide synthase (NOS): nNOS, eNOS and iNOS [1].

1,3-PBIT, also known as S,S’-(1,3-Phenylenebis(1,2-ethanediyl))bisisothiourea, is a potent and selective iNOS inhibitor. 1,3-PBIT inhibited purified human iNOS, eNOS and nNOS with Ki values of 47 nM, 9 μM and 0.25 μM, respectively. 1,3-PBIT exhibited 190-fold selective against iNOS versus eNOS. In DLD-1 cells, 1,3-PBIT inhibited human iNOS with IC50 value of 150 μM, presumably to poor membrane permeability [1].

In conscious male Sprague-Dawley rats, 1,3-PBIT (10mg/kg, ip; 1 h after endotoxin) inhibited endotoxin-induced decrease in MAP, renal CYP 4A1/A3 protein level and CYP 4A activity and increase in systemic and renal nitrite production [2].

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