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Emedastine-13C-d3 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of emedastine by GC- or LC-MS. Emedastine is a histamine H1 receptor antagonist (Ki = 1.3 nM).1 It is selective for histamine H1 over H2 and H3 receptors (Kis = 49 and 12.43 μM, respectively), as well as α1-, α2-, and β1-adrenergic and dopamine D1 and D2 receptors, and the serotonin (5-HT) receptor subtypes 5-HT1 and 5-HT2 at 10 μM.1,2 Emedastine inhibits histamine-induced phosphoinositide turnover and intracellular calcium mobilization in primary human conjunctival epithelial cells (HCECs; IC50s = 1.6 and 2.9 nM, respectively).3 It also inhibits histamine-stimulated secretion of IL-6, IL-8, and GM-CSF by primary HCECs (IC50s = 2.23, 3.42, and 1.50 nM, respectively).4 Ocular application of emedastine prior to histamine challenge inhibits vascular permeability in guinea pigs.2 Formulations containing emedastine have been used in the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis.

1.Sharif, N.A., Su, S.X., and Yanni, J.M.Emedastine: A potent, high affinity histamine H1-receptor-selective antagonist for ocular use: Receptor binding and second messenger studiesJ. Ocul. Pharmacol.10(4)653-664(1994) 2.Yanni, J.M., Stephens, D.J., Parnell, D.W., et al.Preclinical efficacy of emedastine, a potent, selective histamine H1 antagonist for topical ocular useJ. Ocul. Pharmacol.10(4)665-675(1994) 3.Sharif, N.A., Xu, S.X., Magnino, P.E., et al.Human conjunctival epithelial cells express histamine-1 receptors coupled to phosphoinositide turnover and intracellular calcium mobilization: Role in ocular allergic and inflammatory diseasesExp. Eye Res.63(2)169-178(1996) 4.Weimer, L.K., Gamache, D.A., and Yanni, J.M.Histamine-stimulated cytokine secretion from human conjunctival epithelial cells: Inhibition by the histamine H1 antagonist emedastineInt. Arch. Allergy. Immunol.115(4)288-293(1998)

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