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Melanin Concentrating Hormone, salmon is a 19-amino-acid neuropeptide initially identified in the pituitary gland of teleost fish, which regulates food intake, energy balance, sleep state, and the cardiovascular system. Melanin-concentrating hormone is a ligand for an orphan G protein-coupled receptor (SLC-1/GPR24) and MCHR2.

An orphan G protein-coupled receptor (SLC-1/GPR24) has been identified as a receptor for MCH (MCHR1). MCHR2 has higher protein sequence homology to MCHR1 than any other G protein-coupled receptor. MCHR2 is specifically activated by nanomolar concentrations of MCH, binds to MCH with high affinity, and signals through Gq protein[1].

Melanin Concentrating Hormone stimulates appetite. Continuous infusion of Melanin Concentrating Hormone into the ventricular system increases food intake for 7-8 days[2]. Intracerebroventricular infusion of Melanin Concentrating Hormone (10 μg/day) causes a slight but significant increase in body weight in mice maintained on the regular diet. Chronic stimulation of the brain Melanin Concentrating Hormone system could cause obesity in mice[3].

[1]. An S, et al. Identification and characterization of a melanin-concentrating hormone receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Jun 19;98(13):7576-81. [2]. Della-Zuana O, et al. Acute and chronic administration of melanin-concentrating hormone enhances food intake and body weight in Wistar and Sprague-Dawley rats. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2002 Oct;26(10):1289-95. [3]. Gomori A, et al. Chronic intracerebroventricular infusion of MCH causes obesity in mice. Melanin-concentrating hormone. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2003 Mar;284(3):E583-8. Epub 2002 Nov 26.

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