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Decanoic acid-d3 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of decanoic acid by GC- or LC-MS. Decanoic acid is a medium-chain saturated fatty acid. It is a non-competitive antagonist at AMPA receptors that selectively reduces glutamate-induced currents in Xenopus oocytes expressing GluA2 and GluA3 subunit-containing AMPA receptors (IC50 = 0.52 mM) over those expressing GluA1 (IC50 = 2.09 mM) or GluA1 and GluA2 subunits (IC50 = 1.16 mM).1 It inhibits epileptiform activity induced by pentylenetetrazole or low magnesium in rat hippocampal slices. Decanoic acid (1 mM) induces contractions in isolated guinea pig duodenum, an effect that can be blocked by the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist hyoscine, voltage-gated sodium channel inhibitor tetrodotoxin , or M2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist hexamethonium .2 It increases the escape threshold in an orofacial mechanical stimulation test in rats when administered at a topical dose of 30% in ointment form, indicating analgesic activity.3 This effect can be blocked by the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist methoctramine . Plasma levels of decanoic acid are increased in patients with colorectal cancer when compared to patients with breast cancer or ulcerative colitis or without cancer.4

|1. Chang, P., Augustin, K., Boddum, K., et al. Seizure control by decanoic acid through direct AMPA receptor inhibition. Brain 139(Pt 2), 431-443 (2016).|2. Gwynne, R.M., Thomas, E.A., Goh, S.M., et al. Segmentation induced by intraluminal fatty acid in isolated guinea-pig duodenum and jejunum. J. Physiol. 556(Pt 2), 557-569 (2004).|3. Noguchi, Y., Matsuzawa, N., Akama, Y., et al. Dietary constituent, decanoic acid suppresses the excitability of nociceptive trigeminal neuronal activity associated with hypoalgesia via muscarinic M2 receptor signaling. Mol. Pain 13, 1-11 (2017).|4. Crotti, S., Agnoletto, E., Cancemi, G., et al. Altered plasma levels of decanoic acid in colorectal cancer as a new diagnostic biomarker. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 408(23), 6321-6328 (2016).

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