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Bombesin is a neuropeptide with diverse biological activities originally isolated from the skin of B. bombina and B. variegata variegata amphibians.1,2 It binds to the gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) in rat pancreatic acinar cells (Ki = 1.88 nM) and to frog bombesin receptor subtype 4 (BB4) in CHO cells overexpressing the receptor (Ki = 1.7 nM).3 Hypothalamic paraventricular microinfusion of bombesin (100 ng per animal) increases blood glucose, free fatty acids, and corticosterone levels in rats.4 Bombesin (50 ng per animal) injection into the preoptic area decreases food intake by food-deprived or insulin pretreated rats.5 It delays gastric emptying in rats by 55.8% when administered at a dose of 16 μg/kg (i.p.) and inhibits gastric secretion at a dose of 500 ng per animal.6,7

1.Anastasi, A., Erspamer, V., and Bucci, M.Isolation and structure of bombesin and alytesin, two analogous active peptides from the skin of the European amphibians Bombina and AlytesExperientia27(2)166-167(1971) 2.Weber, H.C.Regulation and signaling of human bombesin receptors and their biological effectsCurr. Opin. Endocrinol. Diabetes Obes.16(1)66-71(2009) 3.Pradhan, T.K., Katsuno, T., Taylor, J.E., et al.Identification of a unique ligand which has high affinity for all four bombesin receptor subtypesEur. J. Pharmacol.343(2-3)275-287(1998) 4.Gunion, M.W., Taché, Y., Rosenthal, M.J., et al.Bombesin microinfusion into the rat hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus increases blood glucose, free fatty acids and corticosteroneBrain Res.478(1)47-58(1989) 5.Babcock, A.M., Barton, C., Gunion, M.W., et al.Bombesin-induced hypothermia and hypophagia are associated with plasma metabolic fuel alterations in the ratPhysiol. Behav.51(5)933-938(1992) 6.Scarpignato, C., and Bertaccini, G.Bombesin delays gastric emptying in the ratDigestion21(2)104-106(1981) 7.Tache, Y., Lesiege, D., and Goto, Y.Neural pathways involved in intracisternal bombesin-induced inhibition of gastric secretion in ratsDig. Dis. Sci.31(4)412-417(1986)

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