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Xestospongin C is a marine natural product which was first isolated from Pacific basin sponges, and noted to have vasodilatory properties.[1] Xestospongin C antagonizes the calcium-releasing action of inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) at the receptor level. Inositol phosphates are important signal transduction messengers acting via IP3 receptors to promote the mobilization of Ca2+ from intracellular stores. Xestospongin C blocks the increase in intracellular calcium in vascular smooth muscle cells completely at a concentration of 25 µM.[2] Xestospongin C also inhibits the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase pump at concentrations of 700 nM.[3]

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