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Palmitoyl Serotonin is a TRPV1 antagonist with IC50 value of 0.76 μM for human TRPV1 [1].

The transient receptor potential vanilloid-type 1 (TRPV1) channel is a nonselective cation channel that may be activated by a variety of exogenous and endogenous physical and chemical stimuli. TRPV1 is decreased in the injured nerve fibers but increased in those proximal to the site damage. TRPV1 is a potential new target for the development of analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs [1].

Palmitoyl serotonin is a hybrid molecule patterned after arachidonoyl serotonin. Arachidonoyl serotonin is a dual antagonist of TRPV1 and fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) with IC50 values of 0.27 and 8 μM, respectively. Arachidonoyl serotonin was highly effective against both acute and chronic peripheral pain [1][2]. In TRPV1 and FAAH assays, Palmitoyl serotonin inhibited anandamide hydrolysis mediated by FAAH and capsaicin-induced intracellular Ca2+ elevation in HEK293 cells overexpressing the human recombinant TRPV1 receptor with IC50 values of > 50 μM and 0.76 μM, respectively. However, the effects of replacing the arachidonoyl portion with the saturated 16-carbon palmitoyl moiety had not been studied [1].

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