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Barnidipine is a calcium-channel blocker.

A calcium channel, an ion channel which displays selective permeability to calcium ions, is sometimes synonymous as voltage-dependent calcium channel, although there are also ligand-gated calcium channels.

In vitro: The effects of barnidipine on L-type Ca(2+) current (I(Ca(L))) were investigated in rat ventricular cardiomyocytes. It was found that barnidipine reduced I(Ca(L)) in a concentration and voltage dependent manne. Barnidipine induced a leftward shift of the steady-state inactivation curve of I(Ca(L)) [1].

In vivo: A previous study was conducted to investigate the influence of barnidipine treatment on early stage hypertension by determining the mesenteric and renal arteries as well as the kidney in L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats. Barnidipine was applied to rats after 2 weeks of L-NAME administration, and continued for the next 3 weeks concomitantly with L-NAME. Histopathological studies verified structural alterations in the arteries and the kidney. Moreover, a decrease in endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression was observed both in the arteries and kidney of hypertensive rats with barnidipine treatment [2].

Clinical trial: In patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus, it was found that barnidipine treatment led to a significant reduction in blood pressure. Data recorded with ABPM also showed a similar trend. Barnidipine + losartan could reduce the levels of Hs-CRP, TNF-α, sVCAM-1, sICAM-1, and isoprostanes [3].

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