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Amlodipine besylate is a long-acting Ca2+ channel blocker that reduce blood pressure as an antihypertensive drugs.

Calcium channel is an ion channel that selectively permeable to calcium ions. It serves vital functions in cellular signal transduction.

In cortical neurons, treatment of amlodipine besylate (<= 5 um) rescued the viability of H(2) O(2) injured cell and elevated the free radicals levels. Amlodipine besylate exhibits neuroptorective effects, such as reducing oxidative stress, promoting survival signals and blocking death signals. [1] It also showed proliferative effect on human epidermoid carcinoma A431 cells.[2]

In patient with exertional angina, amlodipine besylate reduced the total peripheral resistance and myocardial oxygen demand. In cat orally treated with amlodipine besylate daily, the average indirect systolic blood pressure were decreased without significant body weight/serum creatinine/potassium concentrations changes. [3]

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