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Huwentoxin XVI(HWTX-XVI ) is composed of 39 amino acid residues including six cysteines. HWTX-XVI is a novel neurotoxin from the venom of Chinese tarantula O. huwena. and specificially block N-type calcium channels. [1]

N-type calcium channels are often highly expressed both in dorsal root ganglia cell bodies and in the synaptic terminals projecting to dorsal horn of the spinal cord N-type calcium channels play important roles in the control of neurotransmission release and transmission of pain signals to the central nervous system.[2]

Electrophysiological assay indicated that HWTX-XVI specifically inhibited N-type calcium channels in rat dorsal root ganglion cells. HWTX-XVI specifically inhibits GVIA sensitive, N-type calcium channels in rat DRG cells.[1]

HWTX-XVI could almost completely block the twitch response of rat vas deferens to low-frequency electrical stimulation. HWTX-XVI ‘s analgesic effects, non-toxic and complete reversibility make it an interesting tool for developing novel drugs for the treatment of N-type calcium channel-related diseases.[1,2]

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