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Butyrolactone I is a secondary metabolite from A. terreus that acts as an ATP-competitive inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (Cdk1; IC50 = 20 μg/ml in PC-14 cells).1 It induces dose-dependent G2/M arrest, inhibits DNA synthesis, and decreases Cdk1 protein expression in vitro.1 Butyrolactone I has antitumor effects in non-small cell lung, small cell lung, and prostate cancer cell lines (mean IC50 = 50 μg/ml).[1],[2] It inhibits in vitro Cdk1 phosphorylation of tau and in vivo phosphorylation of transcription factor E2F-1.[3],[4] Additionally, exogenous application of butyrolactone I to A. terreus cultures increases biogenesis of the secondary metabolites lovastatin and conidiation in a quorum-sensing manner.[5]

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