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Rifabutin is a naphthalenic ansamycin that derives from rifamycin S and has the activity to against mycobacteria infection with MICs ranged from 0.125 to 0.25 μg/ml [1].

TB (tuberculosis) is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. TB can invade to human organs whole body, but mainly affects the lung which is called pulmonary tuberculosis. About 2 billion people has been infected with TB all around the word and the emergence of new infected TB patients is about 8-10 million every year. Rifabutin is an anti-TB medicine used to treat TB infected patients with fewer side effects [1].

Rifabutin is a potent antimycobacterial medicine and has lower toxic than rifampicin. When tested with the mimic human-bacterial plasma membranes, Rifabutin showed high affinity for the bacterial membrane mediated by electrostatic interactions with the phospholipid head groups [2]. In patients with organ transplant, Rifabutin was an excellent medicine to reduce the incidence of TB (tuberculosis) infection [3]. When tested 34 isolates of clinical drug resistant M.tuberculosis with Rifabutin, they showed sensitive to Rifabutin compared with rifampicin treatment [1].

In mice model with TB infected, intravenous administration of Rifabutin reduced bacterial loads in spleen, liver and lung [4].

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