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Sulfamoxole is a sulfonamide antibiotic.1 It is inactive or weakly active against bacteria when used alone but acts synergistically with trimethoprim against a variety of bacteria in vitro, including strains of S. pyogenes, E. coli, and P. vulgaris when used at concentrations of 1.95-7.8, 0.12-1.95, and 0.48-0.97 μg/ml, respectively. Sulfamoxole, in combination with trimethoprim, is effective in mouse models of E. coli or P. vulgaris infection. It inhibits P. carinii recombinant dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS), an enzyme required for the biosynthesis of folate, with an IC50 value of 0.089 μM.2

|1. B hni, E. Bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity of two trimethoprim-sulfonamide combinations. Chemotherapy 22(3-4), 262-273 (1976).|2. Hong, Y.-L., Hossler, P.A., Calhoun, D.H., et al. Inhibition of recombinant Pneumocystis carinii dihydropteroate synthetase by sulfa drugs. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 39(8), 1756-1763 (1995).

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