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Virginiamycin M1 is a macrolide antibiotic that reversibly inhibits protein synthesis [1][2][3].

Virginiamycin complex contains two antibiotics, virginiamycin M1 and virginiamycin S1. Streptogramins are divided into class A and class B based on their structures. Virginiamycin M1, also known as Streptogramin A, is a member of the streptogramin A group of antibiotics, which bind the 50S ribosomal subunit at the peptidyl transferase center to inhibit initiation and translocation. They show good bactericidal activity against methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), although resistance in MRSA is conferred by the cfr gene. Virginiamycin M1 has activity against gram-positive and in select cases gram-negative bacteria. Combination of group A and B streptogramins exhibit bactericidal activity [1]. Virginiamycin M1 acted synergistically with virginiamycin S1 to irreversibly inhibit protein synthesis in bacteria. In cell-free systems, Virginiamycin M1 and virginiamycin S1 bound to the large ribosomal subunit, and the affinity of ribosomes for VS is increased by VM [2][3].

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