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Nucleozin Description:EC50: Nucleozin inhibited infection of MDCK cells by the viruses influenza A/WSN/33, H3N2 (clinical isolate) and Vietnam/1194/04 (H5N1) with an EC50 of 0.069±0.003 μM, 0.16±0.01 μM and 0.33±0.04 μM in PRA, respectively [1].

Influenza nucleoprotein is the most abundantly expressed protein during the course of infection with multiple functionalities. In the presence of nucleozin, a potent antagonist of NP accumulation in the nucleus, NP failed to enter the nucleus leading to the virus death [1].

In vitro: Nucleozin was found to effectively inhibite viral growth even when added within 6 h after inoculation of the MDCK cells with the virus, indicating that the antiviral activities of nucleozin reside on post-entry and post-nuclear events, suggesting that multiple processes involving NP may be affected, although only the nuclear import process of NP can be readily observed [1]. However, another in-vitro study demonstrated that the primary target of nucleozin was the viral ribonucleoprotein, not NP, and this work also provided proof of the principle that IAV replication can be effectively inhibited by blocking cytoplasmic trafficking of the viral genome [2].

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