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GS7340 (Tenofovir Alafenamide, TAF) is a novel oral prodrug of Tenofovir with improved antiviral activity [1].

Tenofovir (TFV) is an HIV-1 nucleotide reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitor for the treatment of HIV infections [1].

GS7340 (Tenofovir Alafenamide, TAF) is a novel oral prodrug of Tenofovir. In peripheral blood mononuclear cells, TAF is mostly converted to TFV and achieved higher tenofovir diphosphate (TFV-DP) levels, compared with TDF. In MT-2 and MT-4 cells infected with HIV-1IIIB, TAF exhibited anti-HIV-1 activity with EC50 values of 5 nM, while with CC50 (50% cell death) values of 42 and 4.7 nM, respectively. In the 29 primary HIV-1 isolates tested in PBMCs, EC50 values of TAF ranged from 0.10 to 12.0 nM with mean EC50 of 3.5 nM. For the HIV-2 isolates, the mean EC50 value was 1.8 nM. In MT-2 cells, TAF maintained its antiviral activity after HS (human serum) pretreatment, suggesting its plasma stability. TAF is a potent inhibitor of immunodeficiency viruses, such as HIV and SIV, and a weak inhibitor of HSV-2 [1]. In HIV-1 isolates with NRTI resistance amino acid substitutions, TAF exhibited reduced activity [2]. In primary human hepatocytes, TAF resulted in high levels of tenofovir diphosphate (TFV-DP), which exhibited half-life of >24 h [3].

In dogs, TAF orally administration for 7 days increased the levels of TFV-DP in dog livers for the treatment of HBV infection [3].

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