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Penciclovir is an inhibitor of HSV-1 DNA synthesis [1].

Penciclovir is a guanine derivative and is used as a drug for the treatment against herpesviruses. Penciclovir has a similar spectrum of activity with acyclovir. In the plaque reduction assay, penciclovir shows potent inhibitory activities against HSV-1, HSV-2 and VZV with IC50 values of 0.4μg/ml, 1.5μg/ml and 3.1μg/ml, respectively. It also shows minimal activity against CMV. In MRC-5 cells, penciclovir inhibits the replication of HSV-1 with IC99 value of 0.4μg/ml. Moreover, penciclovir exerts persistent antiviral activity against HSV-1and HSV-2 in Vero cells. Besides that, penciclovir is found to be phosphorylated to the triphosphate in HSV-1-infected MRC-5 cells. The penciclovir triphosphate is the metabolite that actually inhibits herpesvirus replication. Penciclovir inhibits HSV-1 DNA synthesis with IC50 value of 0.16μM without effect on cellular DNA synthesis [1, 2].

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