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Gemcitabine HCl is an inhibitor of DNA synthesis with the IC50 value of 240.4±29.0 μM (CCRF-CEM/dCK−/− cells), 14.7±2.8 nM (TC-1 cells), 36.7 ± 5.1 μM (TC-1-GR cells), and 50 nM (PANC1 cells) [1].

DNA synthesis is the natural or artificial creation of DNA molecules and can be defined as DNA replication, polymerase chain reaction, and gene synthesis. It is reported that DNA synthesis process plays an important role in a variety of cancers, many drugs have been made to target this process to inhibit tumor growth or metastasis [2] [3].

Gemcitabine HCl is a DNA synthesis inhibitor. When tested with pancreatic cancer cell line COLO 357 and L3.6pl, Gemcitabine HCl treatment following genistein which sensitized cells to Gemcitabine HCL significantly inhibited cell growth and increased cell apoptosis [4]. In MIA PaCa-2 cells, Gemcitabine HCl showed markedly cytotoxicity to cells with the IC50 value of 49.7 ± 17.7 nM via inhibiting the activity of dDNA [1].

In SCID mice bearing COLO 357 cells orthotopically implanted, compared with control group, treated both genistein and gemcitabine significantly decreased (75%, P < 0.01) tumor growth and body weight [4].

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