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The receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) play a critical role, controlling cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation of normal cells. The anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), a transmembrane RTK, originally identified in the nucleophosmin (NPM)–ALK chimera of anaplastic large cell lymphoma, has emerged as a novel tumorigenic player in several human cancers. Entrectinib is an orally available small-molecule inhibitor of ALK kinase activity.

In vitro: Entrectinib potently and selectively inhibits the in vitro growth of ALK-driven tumors, with confirmed mechanism of action [1].

In vivo: Since Entrectinib is able to pass the blood-brain barrier, the compound was also tested for efficacy in an xenograft model with ALK positive NSCLC tumors. MRI imaging demonstrated that Entrectinib was able to effectively and control the growth of these intracranial tumors dose-dependently, leading to increased survival [1].

Clinical trial: Entrectinib is an orally available small-molecule inhibitor of ALK kinase activity that is being evaluated in phase I/II clinical study to treat solid cancer

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