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NSC-23766 is a specific inhibitor of Rac with IC50 of 50μM.

NSC-23766 blocks the activation of Rac 1 through binding the GEFs including Trio and Tiam 1 [1]. In human dermal microvascular endothelial cells, NSC-23766 decreased trans-endothelial electrical resistance and caused the intercellular gap formation. Inhibition of Rac 1 by NSC-23766 shortly reduced endothelial barrier functions as revealed by measurement of TER and the appearance of intracellular gaps [2]. In the mucous cell of the intestine, inhibition of Rac1 either by NSC-23766 protected cells from TNF-α-induced apoptosis by inhibiting caspase-3, -8 and -9 activities. Inhibition of Rac1 significantly prevented TNF-α-induced activation of JNK1/2, but did not modulate TNF-α-induced ERK1/2, Akt and p38 MAPK activity [3].

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