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Losmapimod (GW856553, GW856553X, GSK-AHAB) is a potent and selective inhibitor of p38 MAPK with pKi values of 8.1 and 7.6 for p38α and p38β, respectively [1].

p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) is an intracellular signaling kinase and plays an important role in regulating transcription and translation of the inflammatory response in macrophages and endothelial cells [2].

Losmapimod is an orally active p38 MAPK inhibitor. In the spontaneously hypertensive stroke-prone rats (SHR-SPs) with a salt-fat diet, GSK-AHAB significantly improved survival and renal function in a dose-dependent way and induced vascular relaxation. Also, GSK-AHAB attenuated hypertension, cardiac remodeling, dyslipidemia, plasma renin activity (PRA), interleukin-1  (IL-1 ) and aldosterone [1]. In patients with hypercholesterolemia, losmapimod improved acetylcholine, sodium nitroprusside and NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) responses by 25%, 20% and 10%, respectively. Also, losmapimod reduced C-reactive protein (a systemic inflammatory marker) by 57%. These results suggested that losmapimod improved NO-mediated vasodilatation and inhibited inflammation [2]. In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), losmapimod (7.5 mg twice daily) reduced plasma fibrinogen by 11% and was well tolerated [3].

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