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Piriprost (U 60257) is a leukotriene synthesis inhibitor [1].

Leukotrienes belong to a family of eicosanoid inflammatory mediators produced in leukocytes. Leukotrienes mainly act on a subfamily of G protein-coupled receptors. The production of leukotrienes is implicated in triggerring contractions in the smooth muscles lining the bronchioles and is a major cause of inflammation in asthma and allergic rhinitis [2].

Piriprost inhibited the formation of 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (5-HETE), LTB4, and the sulfidopeptide leukotrienes with the IC50 values ranged from 9 to 14 μM for the mouse mast cells and 15-50 μM for the basophil leukemia cells. Piriprost weakly inhibited the solubilized LTC synthase of rat basophil leukemia cells with the IC50 of 1.5 mM [1]. Piriprost increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in cultured endometrial stromal cells. Piriprost (100 μM) inhibited 5-lipoxygenase activity and decreased 5-hydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acid (a 5-lipoxygenase product) by 53% [3].

In smoke-exposed rabbits, pretreatment with piriprost attenuated the smoke-induced increase in alveolar-capillary barrier permeability and decrease in plasminogen activator activity and causes a swelling of type I alveolar epithelium

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