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MSI-1436 is a selective, non-competitive inhibitor of the enzyme protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTB-1B), with an IC50 of appr 1 μM, 200-fold preference over TC-PTP (IC50, 224 μM).

In HepG2, MSI-1436 (10 μM, 30 min) alone has no effect on phosphorylation of IRβ, but in conjunction with 100 nM insulin, MSI-1436 increases p-IRβ 18-fold over untreated cells and by approximately threefold over cells treated with insulin alone. MSI-1436's inhibition of TCPTP is approximately two logs less than the effect on PTP1B activity, with a resulting IC50 value of 224 μM[1]. MSI-1436 (Trodusquemine, 10 μM) restores ERK phosphorylation in response to mGluR1/5 agonist DHPG in F11 neuronal cells. MSI-1436 (10 uM) rescues DHPG-induced holding currents and restores DSI in LMO4KO BLA neurons[2]. MSI-1436 (0.1-100 μM) blocks PTP1B activity, has insulin-mimetic effects in cultured neuronal cells[3].

MSI-1436 (10 mg/kg, i.p.) causes obesity-dependent body weight, reduces total body fat content and adipocyte size and lipid content of white adipose tissue of mice. MSI-1436 treatment significantly reduces plasma insulin levels. MSI-1436 (10 mg/kg, i.p.) increases phosphorylation of STAT-3 2.7-fold and, in conjunction with 100 U/kg insulin, p-IRβ increases threefold over insulin alone-treated rats[1]. MSI-1436 (Trodusquemine) exhibits anxiolytic effect through a restoration of endocannabinoid (eCB) signaling within the amygdala[2]. MSI-1436 (5 mg/kg, i.p.) has an anti-diabetic effect on diabetic mice, and is sufficient to suppress food intake and cause weight loss in CD1 mice[3].

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