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Norharmane acts as a co-mutagen. Norharmane is a natural β-carboline first isolated from plants of the Zygophyllaceae family. It is a heterocyclic amine (HCA) that may also be found in fried meats, tobacco smoke, and coffee. Harman and norharmane are aminocarbolines known as “co-mutagens” because they do not show mutagenicity to Salmonella serovar typhimurium [1][2][3].

Norharmane acts as a co-mutagen. Norharmane is widely distributed in our environment. It was not mutagenic to Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100 either with or without S9 mix, but became mutagenic to S.typhimurium TA98 with S9 mix when non-mutagenic aromatic amines like aniline or o- or m-toluidine are added. Also, Norharmane and aromatic amines induced the formation of DNA adduct in S.typhimurium TA98

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