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AK-1 is a potent, specific and cell-permeable SIRT2 inhibitor.

AK-1 achieves significant neuroprotection in Huntington's disease flies at 10 μM, improving the number of rhabdomeres from 5.2 to 5.6[1]. AK-1 treatment induces proteasomal degradation of the Snail transcription factor through inactivation of the NF-κB/CSN2 pathway. Reduction in the level of Snail results in upregulation of p21, leading to G1 arrest, slow proliferation, and slow wound-healing activity. The regulation of Snail-p21 axis by AK-1 also occurs in HT-29 colon cancer cells[2]. Under hypoxic conditions, AK-1 increases the ubiquitination of HIF-1α in a VHL-dependent manner, leading to the degradation of HIF-1α via a proteasomal pathway. Downregulation of HIF-1α expression reduces its transcriptional activity and, eventually, reduces the expression of BNIP3, one of HIF-1 target genes, in AK-1-treated cells[3].

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