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L-45 dihydrochloride is the first potent, selective, and cell-active p300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF) bromodomain (Brd) inhibitor with a Kd of 126±15 nM.

L-45 disrupts PCAF-Brd histone H3.3 interaction in cells using a nanoBRET assay, and a co-crystal structure of L-45 with the homologous Brd PfGCN5 from Plasmodium falciparum rationalizes the high selectivity for PCAF and GCN5 bromodomains. A structure using highly homologous (64 % identity) Brd from Plasmodium falciparum, PfGCN5, of which L-45 is also a potent ligand (isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) KD 280 nM), is successfully obtained (PDB: 5TPX). L-45 binds in the acetylated lysines (KAc) -binding pocket of PfGCN (blue ribbon and sticks) and makes H-bonds (dotted lines) through the triazole to N1436 and the first of a network of four water molecules (red spheres)[1].

L-45 shows no observable cytotoxicity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), good cell-permeability, and metabolic stability in human and mouse liver microsomes, supporting its potential for in vivo use[1].

[1]. Moustakim M, et al. Discovery of a PCAF Bromodomain Chemical Probe. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2017 Jan 16;56(3):827-831.

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