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IC50: PHA-793887 is a novel and potent inhibitor of CDK2, CDK5 and CDK7 with IC50 values of 8 nM, 5 nM and 10 nM, respectively.

Cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs) are a family of serine/threonine kinases that, in concert with cyclins (positive regulators) and natural inhibitors (CDKI), control the cell cycle progression.1Deregulation of the activity of CDKs, mainly due to alterations of expression and/or genetic mutations of cyclins, CDKs, CDKIs and other components of the retinoblastoma protein (pRB) pathway, has been reported in more than 90% of human neoplasms.

In vitro: PHA-793887 was found to be cytotoxic for leukemic cell lines in vitro, with IC50 ranging from 0.3 to 7 μM (mean: 2.9 μM), regardless of any specific chromosomal aberration. At these doses, the drug was not cytotoxic for normal unstimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells or CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells. Moreover, in colony assays PHA-793887 showed very high activity against leukemia cell lines, with an IC50<0.1 μM (mean: 0.08 μM), indicating that it has efficient and prolonged antiproliferative activity. PHA-793887 induced cell-cycle arrest, inhibited Rb and nucleophosmin phosphorylation, and modulated cyclin E and cdc6 expression at low doses (0.2-1 μM) and induced apoptosis at the highest dose (5 μM) [1].

In vivo: PHA-793887 was also effective in vivo in both subcutaneous xenograft and primary leukemic disseminated models that better mimic naturally occurring human disease. Interestingly, in one disseminated model derived from a relapsed Philadelphia-positive acute lymphoid leukemia patient, PHA-793887 showed strong therapeutic activity also when treatment was started after establishment of high disease burden. Thus, PHA-793887 has promising therapeutic activity against acute leukemias in vitro and in vivo [1].

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