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Panobinostat, as known as LBH589, is a novel and potent hydroxamic acid-based deacetylase inhibitor (DACis)that inhibits a broad spectrum of histone deacetylases (HDACs), including all Classes 1, 2 and 4 HDAC enzymes, at low nanomolar concentrations. According to previous studies, it not only induces apoptosis in multiple myeloma (MM) cells via caspase activation and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage, but also induces potent cell growth inhibition, cell-cycle arrest, and apoptosis in a time- and dose-dependent manner in both Philadelphia chromosome-negative (Ph-) actue lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells lines (T-cell MOLT-4 and pre-B-cell Reh), which are correlated with induction of histone (H3K9 and H4K8) hyperacetylation, activation of p21 and p27, and suppression of c-Myc.

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