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Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are a class of enzymes that remove acetyl groups from ε-N-acetyl lysines on histones, allowing the histones to wrap the DNA more tightly. DNA expression is regulated by de-acetylation and acetylation.

BML-210 (CAY10433) is a novel HDAC inhibitor. In FRDA lymphoid cell line (GM15850), BML-210 increased the level of FXN mRNA by 1.4-fold [1]. In the human leukemia cell lines (NB4, HL-60, THP-1, and K562), BML-210 induced G1 arrest and histone H4 acetylation, affected NF-κB and Sp1 binding to the p21 or the FasL promoters, and influenced expression of Sp1, NF-κB, p21 and FasL. BML-210 inhibited cell growth and induced apoptosis in a time- and dose-dependent way. BML-210 also induced K562 and HL-60 cell differentiation (up to 30%) to erythrocytes and granulocytes, respectively [2]. In HeLa cells, BML-210 (20 or 30 μM) increased the amount of cells in G0/G1 phase, caused sub-G1 accumulation, and induced apoptosis [3]. In human promyelocytic leukemia NB4 cells, BML-210 inhibited cell growth in a dose- and time-dependent way [4].

References:

[1].  Herman D, Jenssen K, Burnett R, et al. Histone deacetylase inhibitors reverse gene silencing in Friedreich's ataxia. Nat Chem Biol, 2006, 2(10): 551-558.

[2].  Savickiene J, Borutinskaite VV, Treigyte G, et al. The novel histone deacetylase inhibitor BML-210 exerts growth inhibitory, proapoptotic and differentiation stimulating effects on the human leukemia cell lines. Eur J Pharmacol, 2006, 549(1-3): 9-18.

[3].  Borutinskaite VV, Magnusson KE, Navakauskiene R. Histone deacetylase inhibitor BML-210 induces growth inhibition and apoptosis and regulates HDAC and DAPC complex expression levels in cervical cancer cells. Mol Biol Rep, 2012, 39(12): 10179-10186.

[4].  Borutinskait? V, Navakauskien? R. The Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor BML-210 Influences Gene and Protein Expression in Human Promyelocytic Leukemia NB4 Cells via Epigenetic Reprogramming. Int J Mol Sci, 2015, 16(8): 18252-18269.

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