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Cardanol monoene is a phenol found in cashew nut shell liquid that reversibly inhibits tyrosinase with an IC50 value of 56 uM in vitro. It halts the cell cycle at the S phase and inhibits proliferation dose- and time-dependently in M14 melanoma cells (IC50s = 23.15 and 12.30 uM after 24 and 48 hours of treatment, respectively). Cardanol monoene also induces apoptosis via the intrinsic pathway following the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). A mixture of cardanol mono-, di-, and triene is used to synthesize cardanol-metal complexes that inhibit uropathogenic E. coli biofilm formation.

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