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GW-311616 is a potent, orally bioavailable, long duration and selective human neutrophil elastase (HNE) inhibitor with IC50 value of 22 nM and Ki value of 0.31 nM[1].

GW-311616 (150 μM; 48 hours) markedly suppresses NE activity in U937 and K562 cells lines[2].GW-311616 (20-320 μM; 48 hours; U937 cells) treatment inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in leukemia cells[2].GW-311616 (150 μM; U937 cells) treatment can increase the protein expression levels of Bax and decrease the expression of Bcl-2[2].

GW-311616 (2 mg/kg; oral administration) rapidly abolishes the circulation of neutrophil elastase (NE) in dogs, while >90% inhibition is maintained for 4 days. This prolonged effect is independent to be due to penetration of neutrophils in bone marrow by orally administrated GW-311616. GW-311616 has moderate terminal elimination half-life (t1/2) of 1.1 hours and 1.5 hours for dog (2 mg/kg, oral), rat (2 mg/kg, oral), respectively[3].

References:

[1]. Ohbayashi H,et al. Neutrophil elastase inhibitors as treatment for COPD. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2002 Jul;11(7):965-80.

[2]. Jiang KL, et al. Neutrophil elastase and its therapeutic effect on leukemia cells. Mol Med Rep. 2015 Sep;12(3):4165-4172.

[3]. Macdonald SJ, et al. The discovery of a potent, intracellular, orally bioavailable, long duration inhibitor of human neutrophil elastase--GW311616A a development candidate. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2001 Apr 9;11(7):895-8.