Astragaloside IV, an active component isolated from Astragalus membranaceus, suppresses the activation of ERK1/2 and JNK, and downregulates matrix metalloproteases (MMP)-2, (MMP)-9 in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells.

Astragaloside IV (10, 20, 40 ng/mL) inhibits NSCLC cell growth, whereas low concentrations of astragaloside IV (1, 2.5, 5 ng/mL) has no obvious cytotoxicity on cell viability. Moreover, combined treatment with astragaloside IV significantly increases chemosensitivity to cisplatin in NSCLC cells. On the molecular level, astragaloside IV co-treatment significantly inhibits the mRNA and protein levels of B7-H3 in the presence of cisplatin[2]. Astragaloside IV inhibits the viability and invasive potential of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, suppresses the activation of the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) family members ERK1/2 and JNK, and downregulates matrix metalloproteases (MMP)-2 and -9[4].

Astragaloside IV (10, 20 mg/kg, p.o.) exhibits a potent ability to prevent cognitive deficits induced by transient cerebral ischemia and reperfusion. Astragaloside IV (10 mg/kg) and Astragaloside IV (20 mg/kg) can significantly decrease the levels of these cytokines compared to the Model group. Astragaloside IV significantly inhibits the level of TLR4 and its downstream proteins, suggesting that both MyD88-dependent and -independent pathways play important roles in the anti-inflammatory effects of Astragaloside IV. Astragaloside IV attenuates NLRP3 and cleaved-caspase-1 expression, and reduces Iba1 protein expression[1]. In the mice model, the high-dose astragaloside IV group has a significant increase in the 48-hour survival rate [60% (9/15) vs 13.3% (2/15), P < 0.05], significant reductions in the serum ALT and AST levels (P < 0.01), and significant reductions in liver histopathological indices and the degree of apoptosis of hepatocytes (P < 0.01), as well as a significant reduction in the content of MDA in liver homogenate (P < 0.01) and a significant increase in the activity of SOD[3].

References:

[1]. Li M, et al. Astragaloside IV attenuates cognitive impairments induced by transient cerebral ischemia and reperfusion in mice via anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Neurosci Lett. 2016 Dec 20. pii: S0304-3940(16)30994-

[2]. He CS, et al. Astragaloside IV Enhances Cisplatin Chemosensitivity in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells Through Inhibition of B7-H3. Cell Physiol Biochem. 2016;40(5):1221-1229. Epub 2016 Dec 14.

[3]. Liu L, et al. [Protective effect of astragaloside IV against acute liver failure in experimental mice]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi. 2016 Oct 20;24(10):772-777

[4]. Jiang K, et al. Astragaloside IV inhibits breast cancer cell invasion by suppressing Vav3 mediated Rac1/MAPK signaling. Int Immunopharmacol. 2016 Dec 5;42:195-20

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