Atazanavir is a novel and potent azapeptide protease inhibitor that specifically inhibits the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protease enzyme with inhibition constant Ki of 66 nmol/L and also inhibits the viral replication of HIV-1 with 50% effective concentration EC50 ranging from 2.6 to 5.3 nmol/L. Atazanavir binds to HIV-1 protease preventing the cleavage of gag and gag-pol polyproteins, which results in the formation of immature virions in HIV-1-infected cells. Atazanavir has a different C-2 symmetric chemical structure and a generally greater antiretroviral potency in various HIV strains compared to other protease inhibitors, including indinavir, nelfinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir and amprenavir.

Reference

[1].Fuster D, Clotet B. Review of atazanavir: a novel HIV protease inhibitor. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2005 Aug;6(9):1565-72.

[2].Croom KF, Dhillon S, Keam SJ. Atazanavir: a review of its use in the management of HIV-1 infection. Drugs. 2009 May 29;69(8):1107-40. doi: 10.2165/00003495-200969080-00009.

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