3-Methyladenine is an inhibitor of class III phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) [1].
3-Methyladenine is widely used as an autophagy inhibitor through inhibiting class III PI3K without significantly affecting protein synthesis or ATP levels. 3-Methyladenine also inhibits class I PI3K. It is found that 3-Methyladenine has different effects on class I and class III PI3K. It blocks class I PI3K persistently while inhibits class III PI3K transiently. As an inhibitor of autophagy, 3-Methyladenine is usually used to study the role of autophagy. In addition, 3-Methyladenine is also found to have anti-cancer efficacy. It induces cell death of tumor under nutrient-starved conditions. In HT1080 cells, 3-Methyladenine significantly inhibits cell migration through reducing membrane ruffle and lamellipodia formation in normal culture condition. It also inhibits the invasion of HT1080 cells [1, 2].
References:
[1] Wu Y T, Tan H L, Shui G, et al. Dual role of 3-methyladenine in modulation of autophagy via different temporal patterns of inhibition on class I and III phosphoinositide 3-kinase. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2010, 285(14): 10850-10861.
[2] Ito S, Koshikawa N, Mochizuki S, et al. 3-Methyladenine suppresses cell migration and invasion of HT1080 fibrosarcoma cells through inhibiting phosphoinositide 3-kinases independently of autophagy inhibition. International journal of oncology, 2007, 31(2): 261-268.

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